Python is an interpreted and open-source programming language that generally supports object-oriented and high-level programming with flexible rules. It is a simple, beginner-friendly, and powerful language that has built-in data structures and robust modules and libraries which helps to create rapid applications and encourage program modularity and code reuse.

Also, Python is a cross-platform programming language which means that you can install it on any operating system like Windows, Linux, and macOS which simply makes Python the go-to language for developers, no matter what platform they are using.

A Brief History of Python

In 1991, Python was created by a Dutch programmer named Guido van Rossum as a high-level, and easy-to-learn language. You may have thought that the name “Python” was inspired by the Python Snake, but that was not the reason, Python was originally inspired by the British comedy group “Monty Python” which simply reflects van Rossum’s love for their humor.

Characteristics of Python

• A versatile, high-level programming language.
• Easy-to-learn syntax, perfect for beginners and experts.
• Known for its readability and extensive library support.

First Python Program

Here is a simple Python code, printing a string. We recommend we to edit the code and try to print our own name.

print("Hello World")

Python Functions

Python Functions are the backbone of organized and efficient code in Python. From basic concepts to advanced techniques like closures and decorators.

• def keyword
• Use of pass Statement in Function
• Return statement
• Global and Local Variables
• Recursion in Python
• *args and **kwargs in Function
• ‘Self’ as Default Argument
• First Class Function
• Lambda Function
• Map, Reduce and Filter Function
• Inner Function
• Decorators

Python Data Structures

Python offers versatile collections of data types, including lists, string, tuples, sets, dictionaries and arrays.

• Strings
• List
• Tuples
• Dictionary
• Sets
• Boolean
• Complex

Features of Python

Python stands out because of its simplicity and versatility, making it a top choice for both beginners and professionals. Here are some key features or characteristics:

1. Easy to Read and Write: Python’s syntax is clean and simple, making the code easy to understand and write. It is suitable for beginners.
2. Interpreted Language: Python executes code line by line, which helps in easy debugging and testing during development.
3. Object-Oriented and Functional: Python supports both object-oriented and functional programming, giving developers flexibility in how they structure their code.
4. Dynamically Typed: You don’t need to specify data types when declaring variables; Python figures it out automatically.
5. Extensive Libraries: Python has a rich collection of libraries for tasks like web development, data analysis, machine learning and more.
6. Cross-Platform: Python can run on different operating systems like Windows, macOS and Linux without modification.
7. Community Support: Python has a large, active community that continuously contributes resources, libraries and tools, making it easier to find help or solutions.

Applications of Python

• Web Development: Frameworks like Django and Flask can be used to create dynamic websites and web applications quickly and efficiently.
• Data Science & Analysis: Python is most preferred language for data analysis, visualization and handling large datasets. Because of extensive libraries like Pandas, NumPy and Matplotlib.
• Machine Learning & AI: Python is popular in AI and machine learning because of its powerful libraries like TensorFlow, Keras and Scikit-learn.
• Scripting & Automation: Python’s simplicity makes it ideal for writing scripts that automate tasks in different systems, from server management to file handling. Python is commonly used to automate repetitive tasks, making processes faster and more efficient.
• Web Scraping: Libraries like Beautiful Soup and Scrapy.
• Desktop App Development: Python can be used to build desktop applications using frameworks like Tkinter and PyQt. Python is also used for game development, with libraries like Pygame to create simple games.

Python vs. Other Programming Languages

Below is the comparison of Python with C, C++ and Java:

Job opportunities with Python?

After completing Python you and opt for various careers like:

• Python Developer
• Web Developer
• Data Scientist
• Data Analyst
• Machine Learning Engineer
• AI Researcher
• Automation Engineer
• Software Engineer
• DevOps Engineer

Summary

Python is a high-level, general-purpose and very popular programming language which was created by Guido van Rassum and released in 1991. Python programming language (latest Python 3) is being used in web development and Machine Learning, Mathematics and System Scripting. Python language is being used by almost all tech-giant companies like – Google, Amazon, Facebook, Instagram, Dropbox, Uber… etc.

Python is considered one of the easiest programming languages to learn, especially for beginners. knowing Python can be enough to get a job, especially in certain fields. Python is a versatile programming language widely used across various industries and it is highly valued for its simplicity, readability and powerful libraries.